KPI category
Operations KPI Formulas
Operations KPI formulas for efficiency, capacity, quality, inventory, delivery, throughput, and manufacturing performance.
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Popular formulas
Common Operations KPIs
OEEAvailability × Performance × QualityCycle TimeTotal Production Time / Units ProducedThroughputUnits Produced / Time PeriodCapacity UtilizationActual Output / Maximum Possible OutputOn-Time DeliveryOrders Delivered on Time / Total OrdersDefect RateDefective Units / Total UnitsFirst Pass YieldGood Units Without Rework / Total UnitsScrap RateScrapped Units / Total Units ProducedOrder Fulfillment TimeDelivery Date - Order DateProduction EfficiencyActual Output / Standard OutputDowntime RateDowntime / Planned Production TimeBackorder RateBackordered Orders / Total Orders
All Operations KPI formulas
| KPI | Formula | Excel | Tool |
|---|---|---|---|
| OEE | Availability × Performance × Quality | =B2*C2*D2 | Calculator |
| Cycle Time | Total Production Time / Units Produced | =IFERROR(B2/C2,0) | Calculator |
| Throughput | Units Produced / Time Period | =IFERROR(B2/C2,0) | Calculator |
| Capacity Utilization | Actual Output / Maximum Possible Output | =IFERROR(B2/C2,0) | Calculator |
| On-Time Delivery | Orders Delivered on Time / Total Orders | =IFERROR(B2/C2,0) | Calculator |
| Defect Rate | Defective Units / Total Units | =IFERROR(B2/C2,0) | Calculator |
| First Pass Yield | Good Units Without Rework / Total Units | =IFERROR(B2/C2,0) | Calculator |
| Scrap Rate | Scrapped Units / Total Units Produced | =IFERROR(B2/C2,0) | Calculator |
| Order Fulfillment Time | Delivery Date - Order Date | =B2-C2 | Calculator |
| Production Efficiency | Actual Output / Standard Output | =IFERROR(B2/C2,0) | Calculator |
| Downtime Rate | Downtime / Planned Production Time | =IFERROR(B2/C2,0) | Calculator |
| Backorder Rate | Backordered Orders / Total Orders | =IFERROR(B2/C2,0) | Calculator |
| Perfect Order Rate | Perfect Orders / Total Orders | =IFERROR(B2/C2,0) | Calculator |
How to use these KPIs
Start with a small set of metrics that connect to decisions. Define each KPI once, document the formula, and reuse the same calculation in Excel, dashboards, and business reports.
Build dashboards faster
Each KPI page includes a plain formula, Excel formula, Power BI DAX measure, calculator, related KPIs, and common mistakes to avoid.